Why Does My Dog Keep Scratching Their Skin?

If your dog has been scratching more than usual, you’re likely wondering what’s causing this discomfort. Dogs, like people, can experience a variety of skin issues that lead to constant scratching. Whether it’s a simple irritation or a more serious underlying condition, understanding why your dog is scratching is the first step in providing relief. At Cali’s Cottage Veterinary Hospital, we see many pet owners concerned about their dog’s scratching, and we’re here to shed light on the common causes and what you can do to help.

Understanding the Causes of Dog Scratching

When your dog scratches, it’s more than just a random behavior; it’s often a sign that something is bothering them. From environmental factors to health concerns, there are several reasons why your dog might be scratching their skin.

Fleas and Other Parasites

Fleas are one of the most common causes of dog scratching. These tiny, blood-sucking parasites cause intense itching, and dogs often scratch to relieve the discomfort. Fleas are not only a nuisance but can also lead to more serious conditions like flea allergy dermatitis, which makes the itching worse. Other parasites, such as ticks or mites, can also cause your dog to scratch. These pests may latch onto your dog’s skin, causing irritation, and in some cases, they can transmit diseases.

Allergies: A Frequent Culprit

Much like humans, dogs can develop allergies to a variety of things in their environment. However while humans mostly experience environmental allergies with sneezing, itchy nose and watery eyes, dogs experience it mainly as licking paws, itchy or irritated skin, ear infections, anal gland issues, but can also have sneezing and watery or mildly infected, red and irritated eyes. Some common allergens include:

• Environmental Allergies: Pollen, dust mites, mold, and other allergens in the air can trigger allergic reactions in dogs, causing itchy skin.
• Food Allergies: Certain ingredients in your dog’s food, such as beef, chicken, or grains, may be the cause of their skin irritation. Food allergies often cause itching around the ears, paws, and face.
• Contact Allergies: Your dog might be allergic to specific substances they come into contact with, such as certain fabrics, cleaning products, or chemicals in the yard.

Dry Skin: A Seasonal Problem

Dry, flaky skin can lead to itching and scratching in dogs. This is especially common in colder months when the air is dry, or during hot weather when the skin can become dehydrated. Dry skin is often accompanied by dandruff and can make your dog’s coat look dull and unhealthy. If your dog is scratching due to dry skin, it’s important to provide them with hydration and moisturizing care.

Infections: Bacterial and Fungal

Bacterial and fungal infections can develop on your dog’s skin when their skin is irritated, creating an environment where harmful microorganisms can thrive. These infections often cause your dog to scratch or bite at the affected area. Yeast infections, for example, are common in dogs with allergies or those with a damp coat after swimming or bathing.

Hot Spots: Itchy and Painful

Hot spots, or acute moist dermatitis, are areas of inflamed, infected skin that are often caused by excessive scratching or biting. These spots are typically very painful for your dog and can worsen if left untreated. Hot spots are more common in dogs with thick coats, and they can develop rapidly, so it’s important to treat them as soon as you notice them.

What to Do If Your Dog Keeps Scratching

Once you identify the cause of your dog’s scratching, you can take the necessary steps to alleviate their discomfort.

Visit Your Veterinarian

If your dog’s scratching is persistent or seems to be worsening, it’s time to schedule a visit to the vet. Your veterinarian at Cali’s Cottage Veterinary Hospital can perform a thorough examination to determine the cause of the itching. They may conduct tests, such as skin scrapings or blood work, to identify parasites, infections, or allergies. Your vet will also be able to recommend appropriate treatments or medications to relieve the itching and address the underlying cause.

Treat Fleas and Parasites

If fleas are the culprit, it’s important to take action quickly. Flea prevention is key, and your vet can recommend flea medications to eliminate the pests and prevent future infestations. Your dog may also need a medicated shampoo or topical treatment to soothe their irritated skin.

Manage Allergies

If your dog’s scratching is caused by allergies, managing those allergies is the first step in providing relief. For environmental allergies, you may need to limit your dog’s exposure to certain triggers. This could mean keeping them indoors during high pollen days or regularly washing their paws after outdoor walks. For food allergies, your veterinarian may suggest a special hypoallergenic diet or a food trial to pinpoint the exact ingredient causing the problem.

Hydrate and Moisturize

If dry skin is the issue, moisturizing your dog’s skin is essential. You can help keep your dog’s skin hydrated by ensuring they are drinking plenty of water and adding omega-3 fatty acids to their diet. Additionally, using a moisturizing shampoo or coat conditioner during bath time can help alleviate dry, itchy skin.

Treat Infections and Hot Spots

Infections and hot spots often require medical attention. Your veterinarian will be able to prescribe topical or oral medications to treat infections and relieve your dog’s symptoms. If your dog has a hot spot, it’s important to keep the area clean and dry, and prevent them from licking or scratching the spot until it heals. In some cases, an Elizabethan collar (cone) may be necessary to keep your dog from further irritating the area.

Signs It’s Time to Seek Professional Help

If your dog’s scratching persists despite home remedies, or if they develop open wounds, hair loss, or other signs of infection, it’s important to consult your veterinarian at Cali’s Cottage Veterinary Hospital right away. These could be signs of a more serious condition that requires medical treatment. Your vet can help diagnose the cause and provide a tailored treatment plan to give your dog the relief they need.

How to Prevent Scratching in the Future

Preventing excessive scratching in the future starts with regular veterinary check-ups and good skin care. Here are some tips to keep your dog’s skin healthy and itch-free:

• Bathe your dog regularly with a gentle, moisturizing dog shampoo to remove dirt and allergens from their coat.
• Use year-round flea preventatives to keep fleas at bay.
• Feed your dog a balanced diet rich in essential fatty acids, which can help maintain healthy skin.
• Make sure your dog has access to fresh water at all times to keep their skin hydrated.
• Regular brushing and grooming helps remove dead skin cells and promotes healthy circulation to the skin.

If you’ve noticed your dog scratching, it’s time to take action. Start by scheduling an appointment with your veterinarian to get to the root of the problem. At Cali’s Cottage Veterinary Hospital, we are here to help diagnose and treat any skin conditions your dog may be facing. Whether it’s fleas, allergies, or a more serious issue, we’ll provide the support and care your dog needs. Call us at (714) 846-1378 or book an appointment online for your pet today!